"Devil Time" for heart and cerebrovascular disease in winter

The winter is coming, and the cold wave is increasing. At this time, it is necessary to guard against the ‘devil time’ of the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and take precautions to prevent accidents.

"Devil Time" for heart and cerebrovascular disease in winter

Under normal circumstances, people have lower blood pressure during sleep at night, which is about 2 or 3 in the morning. Wake up in the morning and the blood pressure rises rapidly. In the first few hours after starting the daily activities after morning waking (about 6-10 in the morning), the blood pressure reaches or approaches the highest peak. At this time, the blood pressure is even higher than 40-50mmHg than nighttime, which is medically called "blood pressure morning peak". The blood pressure of some hypertensive patients will suddenly rise in the early morning, and the time is mainly concentrated at 6-10 o'clock in the morning. About half of the elderly hypertensive patients show early morning hypertension. The study found that during the dangerous time in the early morning, the patient's sympathetic nerve was in a period of increased excitability, the renin-angiotensin system was activated, causing the heartbeat to accelerate, and the blood pressure to rise. In addition, the patient did not drink water overnight, and the patient exhaled a lot of water. In the morning, the blood viscosity is high. For hypertensive patients with atherosclerotic plaque, the plaque is prone to rupture, leading to myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and even sudden death. Studies have shown that the incidence of myocardial infarction at 9 am is 3 times higher than 9:00; the peak of sudden cardiac death is also from 9 am to 12 am; the incidence of stroke in the morning is about 60%. 60% of the elderly died in the early morning, and cardiovascular diseases burst 70% to 80%. Therefore, this period is known as the "devil time" of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This is because the patient wakes up, after the start of the activity, the sympathetic nerve is active, the secretion of vasoactive substances such as catecholamine, serotonin and adrenaline is increased, and the vascular tone is increased, so that the blood pressure is increased beyond the normal limit. Low temperature is one of the main causes of the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. More than 70% of patients with myocardial infarction and more than 50% of patients with coronary heart disease are very sensitive to changes in temperature. The unusually cold weather in the early morning of winter will stimulate the sympathetic nerves, strengthen the blood vessels, cause blood pressure fluctuations, and thus provoke a sudden onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Moreover, too low temperatures can cause coronary and cerebral arterial vasospasm, leading to coronary heart disease and stroke. In the cold winter season, especially when the cold current invades, the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events is increased. In particular, be vigilant and pay attention to prevention.



How to deal with ‘devil time’?

1. Actively carry out blood pressure self-test at home: Early morning high blood pressure means that the blood pressure is higher than the normal range after getting up in the morning. If you go to the hospital for examination from home, you can't usually "catch" signs of rising blood pressure in the morning. Therefore, experts recommend that you should test your blood pressure 1 to 2 times a day from 6 am to 10 am at home. Considering that the elderly are not alert enough to blood pressure measurement, experts suggest that you can choose an electronic sphygmomanometer with the "early morning hypertension" prompt function, such as Omron's newly introduced HEM-7220 sphygmomanometer. It is reported that the sphygmomanometer can automatically calculate the average value of the week according to the morning blood pressure measured by the user every day. When the average value of the "early morning blood pressure" of the week exceeds 135/85mmHg, the sphygmomanometer will light up the "early morning high blood pressure" signal. Let patients and family members be alert to blood pressure right away. Under the guidance of a doctor, find the cause of a sudden increase in blood pressure. By changing lifestyles, adjusting the variety, dosage, and time of medication, the threat of high blood pressure in the morning is relieved.

If you have the condition to do 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, of course, you can monitor and control blood pressure more accurately.

2. Change the morning exercise habits: In the early morning of winter, the weather is abnormally cold, which will stimulate the sympathetic nerves, strengthen the blood vessels, cause blood pressure fluctuations, and thus provoke a sudden onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Moreover, too low temperatures can cause coronary and cerebral arterial vasospasm, leading to coronary heart disease and stroke. Therefore, for the elderly with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, winter morning exercise is quite dangerous.

As the temperature decreases, patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should delay the morning exercise time, and wait for the morning sun to rise after the temperature rises slightly. In addition, when I wake up early in the morning, I am not in a hurry to get out of bed. I will use three three-minute slow movements: 1) I will not move in bed after three minutes of waking; 2) I will not get out of bed after three minutes of sitting; 3) I will sit in a chair three minutes after getting out of bed. . Slow movement will have a good relief effect, which is conducive to the effective control of early morning hypertension; it is also conducive to the prevention of cardiovascular events. In the cold winter season, the best exercise is arranged in the afternoon. When the sun is full, it is necessary to pay attention to the warmth of the hands and head when going out. It is not suitable for strenuous exercise.

3. Appropriate medication: pay attention to active treatment of hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebral arteriosclerosis, arrhythmia and other basic heart disease. Statistical analysis of large-scale clinical trials confirmed that aspirin reduced the risk of myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and stroke in high-risk patients with cardiovascular disease by 23%. Therefore, aspirin is also a commonly used drug for the treatment and prevention of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In addition to daily prevention and treatment, usually use several kinds of first-aid medicines to take around, and at night, sleep at the bedside, it is easy to use. From all-round attack, exercise in a timely manner in autumn and winter, safely escape the "devil time."

4. Improve lifestyle; in addition, patients should pay attention to eating less spicy and greasy foods, eat more light diets; tonic should be appropriate: should also maintain a calm state of mind, to avoid emotional ups and downs: to do what you can, to participate in physical exercise.